What is a common consequence of prolonged exposure to cold water?

Prolonged exposure to cold water significantly increases the risk of hypothermia because the body's normal temperature regulation becomes compromised. When a person is immersed in cold water, the body loses heat much faster than it would in cold air. As the core temperature drops, body functions like circulation, respiration, and even brain activity can start to deteriorate. Symptoms of hypothermia can include shivering, confusion, fatigue, and a decreased ability to think clearly, which can become life-threatening if not addressed promptly.

The other options suggest effects that do not occur with cold water exposure. For instance, prolonged cold exposure does not improve mental function, enhance reflexes, or lead to better physical performance; rather, it negatively impacts these areas. Understanding the effects of cold water exposure is crucial for safety while boating or engaging in water-related activities.